6.8 R-A System
Summary
The renin-angiotensin system (RAS), also known as the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system, is an endocrine system that plays important roles in the regulation of blood pressure and fluid balance. The RAS shows aberration in patients with type 2 diabetes. In proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR), expression of the receptors and signaling molecules of the RAS are increased in the retina. These are, namely, renin, angiotensin converting enzymes (ACE) 1 and 2, and angiotensin receptors. These changes are seen to be independent of systemic blood pressure.
Quiz Module 6.8
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1. True or False: The renin-angiotension system is upregulated in patients with diabetes.
2. Angiotensin II is involved in the signaling of: